CBSE Board Class 12 Economics Previous Year Question Papers 2009

ECONOMICS 2009
CLASS 12
Time allowed : 3 hours ] [ Maximum Marks: 100
Note  :
(i) All questions in both the sections are compulsory,
(ii) Marks for questions are indicated against each.
(iii)    Questions No.  1 and  13  are very short-answer questions carrying  1 mark for
each part. They are required to be answered in one sentence each.
(iv) Questions No.  2-5 and  14-17 are short-answer questions carrying  3 marks each.
Answers to them should normally not exceed  60 words each.
(v) Questions No.  6-9 and  18 -21 are also short-answer questions carrying  4 marks
each. Answers to them should normally not exceed  70 words each.

1. Answer the following questions :
(i) Why does an economic problem arise ?
(ii) Define opportunity cost.
(iii) What does a rightward shift of production possibility curve indicate ?
(iv) Define microeconomics. 1×4

2. Explain the effect of increase in income of the consumer on the demand for a
good. 3

3. State three causes of increase in supply. 3

4. Explain the relation between marginal cost and average cost. 3

5. Explain producer’s equilibrium with the help of a diagram. 3

6. A consumer buys 40 units of a good at a price of Rs. 3 per unit. When price
rises to Rs. 4 per unit he buys 30 units. Calculate price elasticity of demand
by the total expenditure method. 4
OR
A consumer buys 80 units of a good at a price of Rs. 5 per unit. Suppose price
elasticity of demand is (-)2. At what price will he buy 64 units ?

7. Give meaning of:
(i) production function
(ii) Supply
(iii) revenue, and
(iv) cost 4

8. Calculate ‘total variable cost’ and ‘total cost’ from the following cost schedule
of a firm whose fixed costs are Rs. 10. 4
Output (units) : 1 2 3 4
Marginal cost (Rs.) : 6 5 4 

9. At a given price there is excess demand for a good. Explain how the equilibrium
price will be reached. Use diagram. 4

10. Distinguish between :
(a) Individual demand and market demand.
(b) ‘Change in demand’ and ‘change in quantity demanded’ 6

11. State the phases of the law of variable proportions in terms of total physical
product. Use diagram. 

12. Explain the following features of perfect competition : 6
(i) Large number of buyers and sellers
(ii) Homogeneous products
OR
Explain the following :
(i) ‘Free entry and exit’ feature of perfect competition,
(ii)   ‘Differentiated products’ feature of monopolistic competition.

Section B
13. Answer the following questions : 1×4
(i) Define macroeconomics.
(ii) Give two examples of macroeconomic studies.
(iii) What does balance of payments account of a country record ?
(iv) Name the items included in balance of trade account.

14. Calculate ‘private income’ from the following data :
(Rs. crores)
(i) National debt interest 30
(ii) Gross national product at market price 400
(iii) Current transfers from government 20
(iv) Net indirect taxes 40
(v) Net current transfers from the rest of the world (-) 10
(vi) Net domestic product at factor cost accruing to government 50
(vii) Consumption of fixed capital 70 

15. A Rs. 200 crore increase in investment leads to a rise in national income by
Rs. 1000 crores. Find out marginal propensity to consume. 3

16. Give meanings of : 3
(i) involuntary unemployment
(ii) full employment, and
(iii) under employment equilibrium

17. Give three sources each of demand and supply of foreign exchange. 3

18. Give meaning of money. Explain the ‘store of value’ function of money. 4

19. Explain the’acceptance of deposits’function of commercial banks. 4

20. Distinguish between ‘revenue receipt’ and ‘capital receipt’ and give two
examples of each. 4

21. What is ‘fiscal deficit’ ? What are its implications ? 4

22. Calculate national income and gross national disposable income from the
following data:
(Rs. crores)
(i) Current transfers by government 15
(ii) Private final consumption expenditure 400
(iii) Net current transfers from the rest of the world 20
(iv) Government final consumption expenditure 100
(v) Net factor income from abroad (-) 10
(vi) Net domestic capital formation 80
(vii) Consumption of fixed capital 50
(viii) Net exports 40
(ix) Net indirect taxes 60 4+2

23. Explain the production method of estimating national income. 6
                                      OR
Explain the income method of estimating national income.

24. Explain the problem of ‘excess demand’ in an economy with the help of a
diagram. Explain the role of bank rate in cprrecting it. 6